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Catalina de Erauso
(This is a computer translation of the
original article in Spanish. It should not be regarded
as
complete or accurate.)
Catalina de Erauso, also known as "the
nun second lieutenant", was born in San Sebastian (Spain) in 1592, in the
bosom of a well-off family composed by captain Miguel de Erauso and Maria Pérez
de Galarraga y Arce. At the age of four she was interned in the Convent of the
Dominicas of San Sebastian, been ruled by her carnal aunt. With only 15 years
Catalina escaped of the convent, after fighting with other one it noncorrupts,
and she strolled around for Spain redeeming diverse offices. In addition to
already taking a masculine aspect as a nature, of big height and
unattractively, Catalina was boasting of diminishing her breasts with diverse
recipes and was dressing herself of man to exercise masculine works. To a
few months of her escape she came to the locality of Sanlúcar de Barrameda
(Spain) and dressed herself of cabin boy to be able to embark in a galleon. By
chance the captain of the galleon was an uncle of her, Esteban de Eguiño, but he
did not recognize her due to her aspect and that she used the false name of
Antonio Erauso. Apart from this name she was using others as: Pedro de Orive,
Francisco de Loyola, Ramírez de Guzmán, Alonso Díaz, etc. When the ship came to
America, concretely to Cartagena de Indias, she achieved that a Basque merchant,
Juan de Urquizo, was giving her work, and along with him she set off towards
Peru. Considering her aggressive character she turned out to be wrapped
in several fights in that she even killed two men. Thanks to the recommendations
of Juan de Urquizo she managed to put to the service (as shopkeeper) of another
Basque merchant, Diego de Lazarte, in Lima (Peru). Nevertheless, that office was
boring her and in 1619 she chose to enlist as soldier in a company that was
fighting against the Indians of the north of Chile. Already in combat, her value
and aggressiveness in the Battle of Valdivia made her gain the military grade of
second lieutenant.
She lived in Chile for three
years, staying at the house of her brother, captain Miguel de Erauso, who did
not even recognize her. There her rows and duels were continuing to the
agenda, and in one of them she killed her brother Miguel accidentally,
turning out to be forced to flee of the country crossing The Andes up to coming
to Buenos Aires. In Tucumán she promised marriage to two women but she fled
again up to coming to Potosí (Bolivia) for an almost inaccessible route. There
will never be known if Catalina was feeling lesbian woman or man, but the
true thing is that she was supporting relations with women and even she was
entering many fights because of them.
In Bolivia she practised as
major sergeant and merchant, but rough piece of news and aggressions did that
she was judged and condemned to death. She fled to Cuzco (Peru), where in a
fight she received a wound of extreme gravity that made her even be confessed to
a priest to the one that revealed to him her woman's condition. After seeing the
death closely she repented and revealed publicly her secret to the Bishop
Agustín de Carvajal, repenting and asking to allow her to take monastic life in
a convent. The history was known in America and Europe. She was force to pass a
medical examination where it was discovered that she was virgin. She was
moved to Lima and entered the Convent of the Holiest Trinity.
In 1624 she returned to Spain
with an aureole of reputation around, being got by king Felipe IV who ratified
in her grade of second lieutenant. In Spain she wrote her memoirs, where
she was repenting of her crimes and her aggressive life. She traveled to Rome to
meet with the Pope Urbano VIII and ask him to allow her to dress oneself of man,
a desire that was granted to her. In 1645 she embarked with course Mexico again,
using the name of Antonio Erauso. There, in Mexico, she died in 1650, in a small
village called Cuitlaxtla.
Description: biography for catalina de
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history of catalina de erauso, lesbian adventuresses, intrepid lesbians,
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